Lithium Effects on the Brain's Functional and Structural Connectome in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder

Prior treatment

• metallic implants or other contraindications to MRI.
• metallic implants or other contraindication to MRI.

Other illness

• meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or an anxiety disorder as
• serious medical or neurological illness;

Age

• under 18 years of age;

Other

• a primary diagnosis;
• requiring inpatient treatment;
• meeting DSM-V criteria for substance dependence within the past 3 months, except caffeine or nicotine;
• positive urinary toxicology screening at screening visit;
• use of alcohol in the past 1 week;
• current pregnancy or breast feeding;
• pregnant or breast-feeding;

• ages 18-60 years (inclusive) and able to give voluntary informed consent;
• Satisfy criteria for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5th edition (DSM-V) for BD I or II, current Depressive Episode;
• 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) score \>15 and \<25;
• Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) \< 8;
• no psychotropics in the last 2 weeks (if previously on fluoxetine then medication free for 5 weeks) OR on stable psychotropic medications for 12 weeks
• no lithium treatment for past 6 months;
• satisfy criteria to undergo an MRI scan based on MRI screening questionnaire;
• able to be managed as outpatients during the study as ascertained by Clinical Global Severity Scale \< 5 (i.e., moderately ill) and no significant suicidal or homicidal ideation or gross disability.
• ages 18-60 years and ability to give voluntary informed consent;
• no history of psychiatric illness or substance abuse or dependence;
• no significant family history of psychiatric or neurological illness in first degree relative;
• not currently taking any prescription or centrally acting medications;
• no use of alcohol in the past 1 week;
• and no serious medical or neurological illness.