Attentional Biases, Reward Sensitivity, and Cognitive Control in Adults With Bipolar Disorder

Criteria the registry did not label

• Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Group 1: bipolar disorder without current anxiety or substance use disorder
  • Inclusion Criteria for Group 1:
  • Male or female, age 18 or older
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for lifetime bipolar I or II disorder according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) criteria, as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
  • Currently in a depressive episode or currently in remission from a mood episode
  • Young Mania Rating Scale total score ≤ 8
  • In the opinion of the investigator, capable of understanding and complying with protocol requirements
  • In the opinion of the investigator, has the competency to understand and sign the informed consent
  • Subject is compliant with taking psychiatric medication(s) per the investigator's discretion
  • Exclusion Criteria for Group 1:
  • Significant structural brain lesion (e.g. infarct, hemorrhage, tumor, multiple sclerosis)
  • Progressive neurological disease such as neurodegenerative disease
  • Any current psychiatric disorder (other than a current depressive episode) including anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, antisocial personality disorder and borderline personality disorder as assessed by the MINI and clinician assessment.
  • Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant
  • Tests positive for illegal substances or prescription medications for which they do not have a valid prescription
  • Currently taking any steroids, stimulants, or opioid pain killers.
  • Meets DSM-5 criteria for any alcohol and/or drug use disorder within the last 6 months, excluding the use of caffeine.Currently experiencing nicotine use disorder or any smoking of cigarettes or use of other nicotine containing products within a week before the eye tracking visit.
  • Has had electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment within the last 6 months.
• Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Group 2: Bipolar disorder with a current anxiety disorder (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and/or social phobia)
  • Inclusion Criteria for Group 2:
  • Male or female, age 18 or older
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for lifetime bipolar I or II disorder according to DSM-5 criteria, as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
  • Currently in a depressive episode or currently in remission from a mood episode
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for a current anxiety disorder (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and/or social phobia) as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
  • Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale total score ≥ 18
  • Young Mania Rating Scale total score ≤ 8
  • In the opinion of the investigator, capable of understanding and complying with protocol requirements
  • In the opinion of the investigator, has the competency to understand and sign the informed consent
  • Subject is compliant with taking psychiatric medication(s) per the investigator's discretion
  • Exclusion Criteria for Group 2:
  • Significant structural brain lesion identified (e.g. infarct, hemorrhage, tumor, multiple sclerosis)
  • Progressive neurological disease such as neurodegenerative disease
  • Any co-occurring lifetime or current obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • Meets criteria for antisocial personality disorder or borderline personality disorder as assessed by clinician assessment.
  • Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant
  • Tests positive for illegal substances or prescription medications for which they do not have a valid prescription
  • Currently taking any steroids, stimulants, or opioid pain killers.
  • Meets DSM-5 criteria for any alcohol and/or drug use disorder within the last 6 months, excluding the use of caffeine
  • Currently experiencing nicotine use disorder or any smoking of cigarettes or use of other nicotine containing products within a week before the eye tracking visit.
  • Has had ECT treatment within the last 6 months.
• Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Group 3: Bipolar disorder with a current anxiety disorder and a current substance use disorder
  • Inclusion Criteria for Group 3:
  • Male or female, age 18 or older
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for lifetime bipolar I or II disorder according to the DSM-5 criteria, as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for a substance use disorder within the last 3 months
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for a current anxiety disorder (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and/or social phobia) as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
  • Currently in a depressive episode or currently in remission from a mood episode
  • Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale total score ≥ 18
  • Young Mania Rating Scale total score ≤ 8
  • In the opinion of the investigator, capable of understanding and complying with protocol requirements
  • In the opinion of the investigator, has the competency to understand and sign the informed consent
  • Subject is compliant with taking psychiatric medication(s) per the investigator's discretion
  • Exclusion Criteria for Group 3:
  • Significant structural brain lesion identified (e.g. infarct, hemorrhage, tumor, multiple sclerosis)
  • Progressive neurological disease such as neurodegenerative disease
  • Any co-occurring lifetime or current obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • Meets criteria for antisocial personality disorder or borderline personality disorder as assessed by clinician assessment.
  • Intoxicated or in acute withdrawal state.
  • Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
  • Currently experiencing nicotine use disorder or any smoking of cigarettes or use of other nicotine containing products within a week before the eye tracking visit.
  • Has had ECT treatment within the last 6 months.
• Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Group 4: Bipolar disorder without an anxiety disorder but with a current substance use disorder
  • Inclusion Criteria for Group 4:
  • Male or female, age 18 or older
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for lifetime bipolar I or II disorder according to the DSM-5 criteria, as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for a substance use disorder within the last 3 months
  • Currently in a depressive episode or currently in remission from a mood episode
  • Young Mania Rating Scale total score ≤ 8
  • Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale total score ≤ 12
  • In the opinion of the investigator, capable of understanding and complying with protocol requirements
  • In the opinion of the investigator, has the competency to understand and sign the informed consent
  • Subject is compliant with taking psychiatric medication(s) per the investigator's discretion
  • Exclusion Criteria for Group 4:
  • Significant structural brain lesion identified (e.g. infarct, hemorrhage, tumor, multiple sclerosis)
  • Progressive neurological disease such as neurodegenerative disease
  • Any co-occurring current anxiety disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • Meets criteria for antisocial personality disorder or borderline personality disorder as assessed by clinician assessment.
  • Intoxicated or in an acute withdrawal state
  • Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
  • Currently experiencing nicotine use disorder or any smoking of cigarettes or use of other nicotine containing products within a week before the eye tracking visit.
  • Has had ECT treatment within the last 6 months.
• Inclusion and exclusion criteria for Group 5: Healthy Volunteers
  • Inclusion criteria for Group 5:
  • Male or female, age 18 or older
  • In the opinion of the investigator, capable of understanding and complying with protocol requirements
  • In the opinion of the investigator, has the competency to understand and sign the informed consent
  • Physically healthy as determined by research psychiatrist
  • Without any current and/or lifetime psychiatric disorder as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
  • Exclusion Criteria for Group 5:
  • Significant structural brain lesion identified (e.g. infarct, hemorrhage, tumor, multiple sclerosis)
  • Progressive neurological disease such as neurodegenerative disease
  • Any psychiatric disorder including any severe personality disorder
  • Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant
  • Tests positive for illegal substances or prescription medications for which they do not have a valid prescription
  • Currently taking any steroids, stimulants, or opioid pain killers.
  • Currently experiencing nicotine use disorder or any smoking of cigarettes or use of other nicotine containing products within a week before the eye tracking visit.