Determination of Microbiological Factors Associated With Poor Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment in Rectal Cancers

Prior treatment

• Previous treatment for rectal cancer
• Prior radiation therapy or pelvic curia in the year prior to inclusion

Other illness

• History of other cancers in the last 5 years (except for in-situ cervical carcinomas and non-melanoma skin carcinomas treated optimally)

Other

• Antibiotic treatment at the time or in the month preceding stool sampling
• Presence of an ostomy
• Patient not affiliated to a French social protection system
• Patient not in favour of good compliance with treatment for psychological, family, social or geographical reasons
• Legal incapacity (Patient under curatorship or guardianship)
• Pregnant or breastfeeding woman

• Histologically proven lower and mid-rectal adenocarcinoma at clinical stage II and III
• Patient is to receive neoadjuvant treatment (radiochemotherapy or chemotherapy or radiotherapy). Induction chemotherapy such as folfox or folfirinox is allowed
• Patient who has signed the informed consent of the study
• Male or female ≥ 18 years old
• Appropriate contraceptive measures should be used by both men and non-menopausal women before entering the trial until at least 8 weeks after the last course of radiochemotherapy. The investigator should inform the patient about the contraceptive measures to be used.