From the Emergency Department Directly to Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Study

Prior treatment

• Severe mitral stenosis or regurgitation, prior mitral valve reconstruction or replacement
• Any previous left atrial ablation
• Ongoing continuous AAD therapy with Amiodarone at baseline

Other illness

• History of failed continuous AAD therapy with \> 1 agent. Exceptions are Beta blocker, Verapamil or "pill in the pocket"-therapy.
• Any condition or disease, which is contraindication for AF ablation, up to the assessment of the investigator
• Any condition or disease, which is a contraindication for antiarrhythmic drug treatment, up to the assessment of the investigator
• Known intra-cardiac thrombus formation under continuous oral anticoagulation (defined as intake \>4 weeks)
• Active systemic infection

Other

• Pers. AF \> 6 Mon (one episode)
• LA-Diameter \> 60mm
• Any contraindication for oral anticoagulation
• Any untreated or uncontrolled hyperthyroidism or other reversible causes for AF like alcoholism
• Pregnant or breastfeeding woman or woman of childbearing potential not on adequate birth control
• Co-Existence of non PV-dependent atrial Tachycardia
• Indication for implantation of ICD or pacemaker

• Documented, paroxysmal or persistent AF (longest AF episode \< 6-month duration). Any ECG documentation of AF (12 lead ECG, Holter ECG or mobile ECG monitoring) needs to be presented.
• Recent-onset AF (≤ 1 year prior to enrolment)
• Presenting at the emergency department or outpatient clinic within the last 2 weeks because of AF, including patients with spontaneous conversion in sinus rhythm (with prior AF documentation)
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Subject is able and willing to give informed consent