Colchicine in High-risk Patients With Acute Minor-to-moderate Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (CHANCE-3)

Prior treatment

• Usage of colchicine within 30 days before randomization or planning to take colchicine therapy for other indications.
• In the acute phase of respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, and gastro-enteritis, or currently using or planning to receive oral or intravenous anti-infective therapy for any other infection.
• Currently using or planning to begin long-term (\>7 days) systemic anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs except for aspirin, oral or intravenous steroid therapy) during the study.
• Planned surgery or interventional treatment requiring cessation of the study drug during the study.
• Participating in another clinical trial with an investigational drug or device concurrently or during the last 30 days.

Other illness

• Malformation, tumor, abscess or other major non-ischemic brain disease (e.g., multiple sclerosis) on baseline head CT or MRI.
• Iatrogenic causes (angioplasty or surgery) of stroke or TIA.
• Presumed cardiac source of embolus, such as atrial fibrillation or prosthetic cardiac valve).
• Known allergy or sensitivity or intolerance to colchicine.
• Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's or ulcerative colitis) or chronic diarrhea.
• Symptomatic peripheral neuropathy or pre-existing progressive neuromuscular disease or with creatine kinase (CK) level \> 3 times the upper limit of normal as measured within the past 30 days and determined to be non-transient through repeat testing.
• A history of cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis or severe hepatic disease.
• Planning to use moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (clarithromycin, erythromycin, telithromycin, other macrolide antibiotics, ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, ritonavir, atazanavir, indinavir, other HIV protease inhibitors, verapamil, diltiazem, quinidine, digoxin, disulfiram, etc) or P-gp inhibitors (cyclosporine) at randomization.
• With a history of clinically significant drug or alcohol abuse.
• Inability to understand and/or follow research procedures due to mental, cognitive, or emotional disorders, or to be an unsuitable candidate for the study for any other considered by the investigator.

Lab values

• Impaired hepatic (ALT or AST \> twice the upper limit of normal range) or kidney (creatinine exceeding 1.5 times of the upper limit of normal range or eGFR less than 50 ml/min) function at randomization.
• Anemia (haemoglobin \<10g/dL), thrombocytopenia (platelet count \<100×109/L) or leucopenia (white blood cell \<3×109/L) at randomization.

Age

• Women of childbearing age who were not practicing reliable contraception and did not have a documented negative pregnancy test or severe noncardiovascular coexisting condition.

Other

• Isolated or pure sensory symptoms (e.g., numbness), isolated visual changes, or isolated dizziness/vertigo without evidence of acute infarction on baseline head CT or MRI.
• A score of ≥ 2 on the modified Rankin scale immediately before the occurrence of the index event.
• Severe non-cardiovascular comorbidity with a life expectancy of less than 3 months.

• 40 years or older than 40 years；
• Acute cerebral ischemic event due to： Acute minor-to-moderate ischemic stroke (NIHSS≤5 at the time of randomization) or TIA with moderate-to-high risk of stroke (ABCD2 score ≥ 4 at the time of randomization)；
• With a hsCRP level of ≥2mg/L at randomization;
• Can be treated with study drug within 24 hours of symptoms onset\*(\*Symptom onset is defined by the "last seen normal" principle)；
• Informed consent signed.