NCT05968638Terminated
Ketogenic Diet in People With Schizophrenia
Single-Blind Randomized Ketogenic Diet vs. Control Diet in People With Schizophrenia
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Last updated 9 Oct 2026
Brief summary (registry, in English)
Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder with a heterogenous presentation, lack of clear understanding of pathophysiology and only partially effective treatments. First-line antipsychotic drugs block dopamine, but many people continue to suffer from persistent positive or negative symptoms that cannot be fully treated with available medications. Recently, our group has found that dietary modulations have efficacy comparable to antipsychotic medications and that determining which patients could benefit from a personalized treatment framework is critical. The ketogenic diet consists of low-carbohydrate, moderate protein and high fat intake inducing a state in which ketone bodies in the blood provide energy to the cells. In pharmacologic mouse models a ketogenic diet regimen resulted in complete restoration of normal behaviors, independent of strict caloric restriction and other work has suggested that a ketogenic diet may improve schizophrenia like deficits in rodents. An open label ketogenic diet study in the 1950s reported improvement in schizophrenia symptom. At least 7 additional case reports have found robust improvements or complete resolution of schizophrenia symptoms. Recently a retrospective study found robust and significant improvements in schizophrenia symptoms in 10 schizoaffective disorder patients treated with a ketogenic diet. In addition to psychiatric symptoms, improvements in metabolic outcomes have been demonstrated. However, to date, there have been no published double blind randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of a ketogenic diet since few sites can conduct inpatient trials and have observation and control for food intake
- Status (registry)
- Terminated
- Study type
- Interventional
- Enrollment
- 4 (actual)
- First submitted
- 12 Jul 2023
- Start date
- 1 Sept 2023
- Primary completion date
- 1 Aug 2025
- Lead sponsor
- University of Maryland, Baltimore
- Diseases
- Schizophrenia
- NCT number
- NCT05968638
Who cannot take part
Copied verbatim from ClinicalTrials.gov and grouped by topic. Only the trial team decides who can take part.
Other illness
- Type I diabetes or insulin dependent Type II diabetes
- Current diagnosis of DSM 5 eating disorder
- Heart failure
- Genetic disorders that affect fat metabolism (Gaucher disease, Tay-Sachs disease, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD)
- Carnitine deficiency syndromes (primary carnitine deficiency, carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency, carnitine translocase deficiency)
- Refusal to eat intervention diet, food allergies or restrictions that the kitchen cannot accommodate, and/or dietary noncompliance with dietary energy needs
Lab values
- corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation greater than or equal to 500ms
- Significant kidney disease
- Indicators for possible acute kidney injury (AKI) or moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on some factors below. Each is not used individually but a clinician will determine based on the following:
- Creatinine > 1.3mg/dL
- Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2
- Renal tubular disorders
- History of kidney transplantation
- Significant liver disease.
- Indicators for possible acute or chronic liver disease. Each is not used individually but a clinician will determine based on the following:
- Prolonged International Normalized Ratio (INR) greater than or equal to 1.5, elevated bilirubin and aminotransferases (3x normal upper limit) and/or Complete Blood Count (CBC) abnormalities (thrombocytopenia, anemia)
- Physical examination abnormalities (jaundice, icteric sclera, asterixis)
- Alcohol use disorder (AUD) based on DSM 5 criteria for moderate AUD
- History of liver disease (cirrhosis, Wilson disease, Gilbert disease, chronic hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, hereditary hemochromatosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome)
- History of liver transplantation
Other
- Pregnant or lactating females
- Porphyria
- Pyruvate kinase deficiency
- Gastroparesis
Who the study is looking for
- Age 18- 64 years
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV/DSM 5) diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
- Antipsychotic regimen with no dose change in last 14 days
- Minimum score of 45 on BPRS
- Body mass index > 18.5
- Ability to consent determined by a score of 10 or greater on the Evaluation to Sign Consent.
Age in the registry: 18 years to 64 years · Sex: All · Does not accept healthy volunteers
Sites (1)
Sites in registry order. Save your city in your profile to sort them by distance.
| Site | City | Country | Site status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maryland Psychiatric Research Center (MPRC) Treatment Research Program (TRP) Coordinator of this site? Confirm its status | Catonsville | United States | Unknown status |
This page is information, not medical advice. Discuss any trial with your doctor.