Effect of Music Prehabilitation on Preoperative Anxiety Before Surgery

Other illness

• Patients with severe hearing impairment (defined as no or barely verbal communication possible).
• Participation in another study that may possibly intervene with the outcome measures. (e.g. use of psychiatric medication during inclusion or prehabilitation interventions or similar procedures according to the judgement of the research team)
• Patients with mental disorders influencing their ability to adhere to the study protocol and/or assess the questionnaires.

Other

• Patients with an expected stay of less than two nights in the hospital
• Patients who are professional musicians.
• Active music players or singers who may play or sing every week
• Patients who actively listen to music with a duration of \> 30 minutes daily. Active listening is defined as music listening with headphones/earphones, while this is not combined with any other activity (e.g. exercising, working, driving or religious activities).
• Patients who have a preoperative waiting period of less than five days.
• Assessment of primary outcome is not possible.
• Inability or unwillingness to receive the music intervention.

• Patients aged ≥ 16 years
• Patients undergoing elective oncological colorectal surgery at participating center
• Minimal hospital stay of 2 days postoperatively.
• Sufficient knowledge of the Dutch language
• Communicable and able to assess the questionnaires
• Patients who have access to personal music playing device and headphones/earphones. - Written informed consent acquired from the patient