A Research Study to See How Well CagriSema Helps People in China With Excess Body Weight Lose Weight

Prior treatment

• Clinically significant or severe hypoglycaemia within 6 months before screening or history of hypoglycaemia unawareness
• Uncontrolled and potentially unstable diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy. Verified by a fundus examination performed within 90 days before screening or in the period between screening and randomisation. Pharmacological pupil-dilation is a requirement unless using a digital fundus photography camera specified for non-dilated examination

Other illness

• History of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • For participants with T2D at screening:

Lab values

• HbA1c greater than or equal to 6.5 percent (48 mmol/mol) as measured by the central laboratory at screening
• Renal impairment with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lesser than 30 milli liter per min/1.73 meter square (mL/min/1.73 m\^2), as measured by the central laboratory at screening

Other

• For participants without T2D at screening:

• Male or female
• Age above or equal to 18 years at the time of signing informed consent
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30.0 kilograms per square meter (kg/m\^2) or
  • BMI greater than or equal to 27.0 kg/m\^2 with the presence of at least one weight-related comorbidity including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obstructive sleep apnoea or cardiovascular disease
  • For participants with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) at screening the following criteria also apply:
• Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus greater than equal to 180 days before screening
• Treatment with either lifestyle intervention, or treatment with 1-3 marketed oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) (metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGI), glinides, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i)), thiazolidinediones, or sulphonylureas (SUs) as a single agent or in combination) according to local label
• Treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs should be stable (same drug(s), dose and dosing frequency) for at least 60 days before screening
• Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7 percent-10 percent (53-86 millimoles per mole \[mmol/mol\]) (both inclusive) as measured by the central laboratory at screening