A Novel Therapy With a 1-Month Ultrashort Regimen to Halt Progression From Latent Infection to Active Tuberculosis Among Close Contacts (The TB-YOUTH Study)

Prior treatment

• Prior completion of full-course of treatment for ATB or LTBI;
• Current receiving immunosuppressive therapy or biological agents.

Other illness

• Current active TB disease (clinically or bacteriologically confirmed);
• Documented isoniazid/rifampicin resistance in the corresponding M. tuberculosis strain from the index case;
• Hypersensitivity or intolerance to rifamycins (rifapentine / rifampicin) or isoniazid;
• HIV positive serostatus or AIDS patients;
• History of viral hepatitis (e.g., chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C) or liver cirrhosis;
• Other conditions deemed unsuitable for TPT by investigators.

Lab values

• Liver dysfunction (TBil\>2.5mg/dL \[43umol/L\] or ALT / AST\>2ULN) or renal dysfunction.
• Hematologic disorders with either PLT\<50×109/L or WBC\<3.0×109/L.

Other

• Self-reported use of rifamycins (e.g., rifampicin, rifapentine) or isoniazid for \>14 consecutive days within the past 2 years;

• Aged ≥13 years and body weight ≥ 30 kg;
• School-registered individuals including:
  • Currently attending junior / senior high school or university students;
  • School staff members;
• Close contacts of active pulmonary TB index cases (confirmed or clinically diagnosed) within the school, defined by meeting both of the following:
  • Teachers/students sharing the same classroom or dormitory with the index case;
  • Exposure history: Prolonged sharing of enclosed space (\>4 hours total within 1 week) with the index case;
• Confirmed LTBI status through screening;
• Voluntary participation with signed informed consent form (for adults ≥18 years);
• Parental / guardian consent and co-signed informed consent form (for minors aged 13-17 years).