Transbronchial vs Transthoracic Ablation for Early-stage Peripheral Lung Cancer

Prior treatment

• Anticoagulation therapy and/or antiplatelet agents (except novel oral anticoagulants such as dabigatran and rivaroxaban) are discontinued for less than 5\~7 days before ablation.

Other illness

• Patients with severe pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension.
• Perilesional infection and radiation inflammation, puncture site skin infection is not well controlled, systemic infection, high fever \> 38.5℃.
• Patients with severe liver, kidney, heart, lung and brain dysfunction, severe anemia, dehydration and severe nutritional metabolism disorders that cannot be corrected or improved in a short period of time.
• Patients with poorly controlled malignant pleural effusion.

Lab values

• Patients with platelet \< 50 × 10 9/L, severe bleeding tendency and coagulation dysfunction that cannot be corrected in a short period of time.

Other

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score \> 2.
• Combined with other tumors with extensive metastasis, expected survival \< 6 months.
• Patients with episodic psychosis.
• Patients with implantable electronic devices (such as pacemaker or defibrillator).
• Pregnant women, or patients who have pregnancy plans during the study.
• Participation or ongoing participation in another clinical study within the past 30 days.
• Other situations that the investigator deems inappropriate to participate in this study.

• Age greater than 18 years.
• Primary peripheral lung cancer diagnosed by pathology, and preoperative staging reveals clinical stage T1N0M0, stage IA.
• The planned ablation lesions are assessed to be amenable to CT-guided and bronchoscopy-guided ablation.
• Assessed as inoperable or refused surgery, agree to undergo initial ablation therapy, and sign informed consent.