Treatment Optimization for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using Empagliflozin and Finerenone in a Remote Clinical Trial

Prior treatment

• Already treated with any SGLT2 inhibitor or MRA
• Major gastrointestinal tract surgery as decided by the physician.
• Participation in any clinical trial within 3 months prior to initial dosing
• Donation or loss of ≥400 mL of blood within 8 weeks prior to initial dosing
• WOCBP who are unwilling or unable to use an acceptable method of contraception to avoid pregnancy throughout the study and for up to 4 weeks after the last dose of the study drug in such a manner the risk of pregnancy is minimised.
• Women who are taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Other illness

• Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes
• Heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II to IV requiring MRA treatment
• Acute coronary syndrome event within 6 months
• History of kidney or liver transplant
• Unstable or rapidly progressing renal disease.
• Active malignancy
• Suggestive evidence of adrenal insufficiency
• History of severe hypersensitivity or contraindications to any SGLT2 inhibitor or MRA
• Uncontrolled arterial hypertension (mean sitting systolic blood pressure ≥180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥110 mmHg)
• Any medication, surgical or medical condition which might significantly alter the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of medications including, but not limited to any of the following:
• History of active inflammatory bowel disease within the last 6 months
• Gastrointestinal ulcers and/or bleeding within the last 6 months
• History of noncompliance to medical regimens or unwillingness to comply with the study protocol.
• Any surgical or medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator, may place the patient at higher risk from his/her participation in the study, or is likely to prevent the patient from complying with the requirements of the study or completing the study.

Lab values

• Serum potassium \>5 mmol/L repeat value after repeated measurement
• Evidence of severe hepatic impairment determined by any of one: ALT or AST values exceeding 3 times ULN, a history of hepatic encephalopathy, a history of oesophageal varices, or a history of portocaval shunt.
• History of drug or alcohol abuse within the 12 months prior to dosing, or evidence of such abuse as indicated by the laboratory assays conducted during screening or according to investigator's assessment.
• WOCBP must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test result (minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent of HCG) at screening.
  • WOCBP comprises women who have experienced menarche and who have not undergone successful surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy) or who are not post-menopausal (see definition below). The following women are NOT considered as WOCBP:
• Women who have had amenorrhea for \>12 consecutive months (without another cause) and who have a documented serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level \>35 mIU/mL.
• Women who have irregular menstrual periods and a documented serum FSH level \>35 mIU/mL.

Other

• Unable to monitor blood pressure or body weight or handle digital technologies.
• Active pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Pancreatitis within the last 6 months
• Evidence of urinary obstruction or difficulty in voiding at screening
• Confirmed lactose intolerance demonstrated with a lactose intolerance test.
• Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP):
• Women using the following methods to prevent pregnancy: oral contraceptives, other hormonal contraceptives (vaginal products, skin patches, or implanted or injectable products), or mechanical products such as intrauterine devices or barrier methods (diaphragm, condoms, spermicides).
• Women who are practicing abstinence.
• Women who have a partner who is sterile (e.g. due to vasectomy).
  • Post-menopause is defined as:

• Age ≥18 years
• Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
• UACR \>4.5 mg/mmol (\>40 mg/g) and ≤300 mg/mmol (≤2655 mg/g)
• eGFR ≥25 mL/min/1.73m2
• On a stable dose of an ACE inhibitor/ARB if tolerated
• Willing to sign informed consent.
• Proficiency in the Dutch language