MxA and CRP-Guided Use of Antimicrobial Agents for AECOPD

Prior treatment

• Received interferon therapy within 30 days before screening
• Had an active systemic inflammatory condition within 30 days prior to screening, such as cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, or surgery
• Received vaccine in the past 30 days
• Had a concurrent infection at another site, such as urinary tract infections or sinusitis;
• Pre-treatment with corticosteroids (cumulative dose of methylprednisolone ≥ 80 mg or equivalent dose) for the present exacerbation.

Other illness

• Active tuberculosis
• Presenting with current respiratory failure

Other

• Required urgent hospitalization
• Immunocompromised
• Clinical suspicion of pneumonia or pulmonary edema.
• Coexisting bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, or asthma
• Contraindications to antibiotics and/or antivirals
• Known etiology of the present exacerbation

• ≥40 years old；
• Current or former smoker with a minimum smoking history of 10 pack years, clinical diagnosed with mild-to-severe COPD;
• Presenting with an acute exacerbation of COPD
• The severity of AECOPD is mild to moderate.