Modulate Tremor Severity With Low-intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulation Targeting the Deep Nucleus of Patients With Refractory Hand Tremor.

Prior treatment

• Presence of intracranial implants deemed unsuitable for MRI, such as metal clips, ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts, cochlear implants, deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices, pacemakers, or implantable cardioverter- defibrillators (ICDs).
• Use of investigational drugs from other clinical trials.
• Use of anticoagulant medications.
• Use of medications known to exacerbate tremor.

Other illness

• Any abnormalities along the focused ultrasound beam path through the skull, including scars on the skull, scalp conditions (e.g., eczema), open wounds, calp atrophy, or significant calcification confirmed by imaging along the ultrasound transmission pathway.
• Patients with major depressive disorder (Beck Depression Inventory-II score \> 30 within the past year) or with suicidal ideation.
• Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with treatment efficacy or increase risk to the subject.
• Presence of significant psychiatric symptoms (Clinical Dementia Rating \[CDR\]
  • 2).

Lab values

• Coagulopathy or abnormal coagulation profiles, including any of the following:
  • Platelet count ≤ 100,000/µL
  • INR ≥ 1.5
  • PT ≥ 1.5 × upper limit of normal (ULN)
  • aPTT ≥ 1.5 × ULN
  • Fibrinogen ≤ 150 mg/dL

Other

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
• Presence of any brain tumors, vascular malformations, or significant traumatic brain injury.
• Tremor due to metabolic or psychogenic causes.
• Inability to provide informed consent or comply with study procedures, posing potential safety concerns.
• Insufficient skull density as determined by pre-treatment evaluation, resulting in ultrasound transmission efficiency less than 20%.

• Age between 18 and 80 years.
• Subjects must belong to one of the following three categories:
  • Patients with Parkinson's disease tremor who have an inadequate response to medication.
  • Patients with essential tremor who have an inadequate response to medication.
  • Patients with dystonic tremor who have an inadequate response to medication.
• Subjects are willing to shave hair over the treatment area for focused ultrasound.
• Stable medication regimen (types and dosages) for at least 4 weeks prior to study enrollment.
• Normal liver and renal function (Creatinine \< 1.3 mg/dL, GPT \< 41 U/L).
• Female participants of childbearing potential, or male participants with female partners of childbearing potential, must agree to use appropriate contraception from the first study treatment until at least 6 months after the last treatment to prevent pregnancy.