Adaptive Dietary Intervention (ADI) for Asian Americans With Type 2 Diabetes

Prior treatment

• Taking hypoglycemia agents (e.g., insulin and sulfonylureas) with the major side effect of hypoglycemia that need close monitoring the occurrence of hypoglycemia to adjust/reduce medications to avoid future hypoglycemia.
• Taking medications that impede weight loss (e.g., prednisone) within the last 3 months.
• Are prior or current CGM users including both Dexcom and FreeStyle Libre and plan to continuously use these CGMs in the next 6 months.

Other illness

• Have serious physical complications (e.g., severe neuropathy cardiovascular disease, COPD/emphysema, osteoarthritis, or stroke) or mental disease (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, manic depressive illness, severe depression, or active substance abuse).
• Have conditions that restrict diet, such as severe gastroparesis, ulcers, or food allergies. These conditions may need special dietary intervention.

Lab values

• Undergoing treatment for cancer, as cancer treatment may impact the outcome of glucose changes.
• Have marked renal impairment (eGRF\<45; CKD-3b), as renal impairment may needs special dietary intervention and they also may impact glucose changes.
• Are taking psychotropic medications that raise blood glucose (e.g., atypical antipsychotics).

Other

• Currently pregnant, breastfeeding, or contemplating pregnancy within the next 6 months.
• Are participating in another T2D intervention study.

• Eligible participants (N=120; 60 Chinese Americans and 60 Vietnamese Americans)
• Community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 18 with independent living;
• Diagnosed with T2D;
• Hb1Ac\>7.0%
• Self-identified as first- or second-generation Chinese or Vietnamese immigrants;
• Able to communicate in English, Chinese, or Vietnamese. We will focus on Mandarin-, Cantonese- or English-speaking Chinese Americans because the two best-known and most-spoken variants of Chinese are Mandarin and Cantonese, who use the same writing system;
• Have a smartphone, iPad, tablet, or Apple watch