A Study to Evaluate Adverse Events and Change in Disease Activity of Intravenous ABBV-706 versus Standard of Care in Adult Participants with Relapsed/Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer

Prior treatment

• Participants with a history of interstitial lung disease (ILD) or pneumonitis that previously required treatment with systemic steroids, or any evidence of active ILD/pneumonitis on screening chest computed tomography (CT)-scan.
• Participants who have received prior treatment with a seizure-related 6 homolog (SEZ6) targeted Antibody drug conjugate (ADC), other targeted ADCs, or any other investigational agent not including tarlatamab in 1L.
• Participants who have received prior treatment with any Top1i such as topotecan, irinotecan, belotecan, camptothecin, rubitecan, exatecan or locally approved topoisomerase I inhibitor (Top1i) payload.

Other illness

• Participants with any clinically significant conditions that would adversely affect the subject's participation in the study, and the subject should have a life expectancy of at least 3 months.

Other

• Participants with known active/symptomatic central nervous system metastases

• Diagnosis of histologically or cytologically confirmed Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC).
• Participants must be considered suitable to receive Standard of care (SOC) comparator (topotecan, lurbinectedin, or amrubicin).
• Participants must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 to 1 during the screening period prior to the first dose of study treatment.
• Participants must have measurable disease per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. Target lesions situated in a previously irradiated area are considered measurable if progression has been demonstrated in such lesions.
• Participants must have progressed on prior systemic therapy, with CPI (if eligible) and prior tarlatamab, defined as: - In the 1L and 2L setting respectively, platinum-based chemotherapy (i.e., carboplatin or cisplatin and etoposide with CPI, if eligible for CPI) and 2L tarlatamab; or - In the 1L and 2L setting, platinum-based chemotherapy (i.e., carboplatin and etoposide with atezolizumab and lurbinectedin in combination with atezolizumab maintenance and 2L tarlatamab; or - In the 1L setting, platinum-based chemotherapy (i.e., carboplatin or cisplatin and etoposide with CPI if eligible) in combination with tarlatamab in frontline induction and/or maintenance
• Participants with brain metastasis from an extracranial solid tumor are eligible if the brain metastases are: - Previously treated and not requiring anticonvulsants and steroids for at least 7 days prior to first dose of study treatment. If required for management, subjects on a steroid equivalent of prednisone dose of ≤ 10 mg/day are eligible or; - Untreated and asymptomatic not requiring anticonvulsants and steroids for at least 7 days prior to the first dose of study treatment. If required for management, subjects on a steroid equivalent of prednisone of ≤ 10 mg/day are eligible.