Diagnostic Value of the Liver Inflammation Index for MASH in Patients With T2DM and MAFLD

Other illness

• Presence of unhealed wounds, scars, or other conditions in the right upper abdominal region that are unsuitable for ultrasonographic examination;
• Development of other liver diseases during follow-up, including viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, or other chronic liver diseases;
• History of hepatic decompensation;
• History of hepatectomy or liver transplantation;
• History of other malignancies;
• Presence of vascular liver disease, cystic fibrosis-associated liver disease, sarcoidosis, polycystic liver disease, congenital or rare hereditary liver diseases, mechanical cholestasis, secondary sclerosing cholangitis, or heart failure accompanied by hepatic venous congestion;
• History of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS);
• Occurrence of acute hepatitis during follow-up (defined as alanine aminotransferase levels \>5 times the upper limit of normal) or acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF);

Other

• Clinical or subclinical hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.

• Adults aged ≥18 years, with no restrictions on sex;
• Patients clinically diagnosed with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) according to the Chinese Society of Hepatology guideline Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated (Nonalcoholic) Fatty Liver Disease (2024 Edition), and additionally diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2024 Edition).