[Association between environmental cadmium exposure and chronic kidney disease: a Meta-analysis].

What was studied

This review pooled observational studies on cadmium and chronic kidney disease. It looked at cadmium exposure from the environment. The authors searched Chinese and international databases. The search ran up to June 20, 2024. It found 2271 articles. 21 studies were included. The authors compared cadmium levels in patients and in controls. They ran extra checks on the results.

What they found

Cadmium levels were higher in people with kidney disease. They were compared with levels in controls. The standardized mean difference was 0.73. Blood cadmium was higher, at 0.87. Urine cadmium was higher, at 0.91. Case-control studies gave 1.34. Cross-sectional studies gave 0.54.

What it means for patients

The authors link cadmium exposure to a higher risk of chronic kidney disease. They say the review shows this link.

Why it is not certain yet

The studies were observational, so they show a link, not a cause. Study designs included case-control and cross-sectional. The authors checked for differences between studies. They also checked for publication bias. The abstract does not give those results. It does not say how big the risk is. A review can only be as good as the studies in it.

Source

[Association between environmental cadmium exposure and chronic kidney disease: a Meta-analysis].

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