The impact of probiotics or synbiotics on individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

What was studied

This review pooled trials of probiotics or synbiotics in type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is a long-term autoimmune condition. The body lacks insulin. The team searched several databases up to January 2026. They found 2,722 records. They included 10 randomised trials.

What they found

Probiotics or synbiotics reduced HbA1c and fasting blood sugar compared with controls. Total cholesterol also fell. Effects on C-peptide and insulin need were not significant. The same was true for CRP, TG, HDL, LDL and TNF-α.

What it means for patients

The authors say these products may improve blood sugar control in type 1 diabetes. This is mainly through lower HbA1c and fasting blood sugar. They say the HbA1c change may matter if it is sustained. They say larger, better trials are needed.

Why it is not certain yet

The abstract says evidence is limited for beta-cell function and insulin need. It is also limited for inflammation markers and most blood fat results. The authors say trials with standard methods are needed. A review can only be as good as the trials in it.

Source

The impact of probiotics or synbiotics on individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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