Stopping Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Affecting Treatment-Free Remission in Patients With Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Prior treatment

• Additional clonal chromosomal abnormalities in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) positive (+) cells at any time prior to enrollment that include "major route" abnormalities (second Ph, trisomy 8, isochromosome 17q, trisomy 19), complex karyotype or abnormalities of 3q26.2

Other illness

• History of accelerated phase or blast crisis CML

Other

• Known T3151 mutation
• Female patients who are pregnant
• Lactating females are not eligible unless they have agreed not to breastfeed their infants
• Female patients of childbearing potential are not eligible unless a negative pregnancy test result has been obtained

• Patient must have been diagnosed with CML-CP at \< 18 years of age.
• Patient must have histologic verification of CML-CP at original diagnosis
• Patient must be in molecular remission (MR) with a BCR-ABL1 level of =\< 0.01% BCR-ABL1 as measured using the International Scale (IS) by RQ-PCR for \>= 2 consecutive years at the time of enrollment
  • Please note: The lab evaluating disease status and molecular response for this study must be College of American Pathology (CAP) and/or Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certified (United States \[US\] only), sites in other countries must be certified by their accredited authorities. All labs must use the International Scale guidelines with a sensitivity of detection assay =\< 0.01% BCR-ABL1 and be able to report results in =\< 2 weeks
• Patient must have received any TKI for a minimum of 3 consecutive years at time of enrollment
• Patient agrees to discontinue TKI therapy
• REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
• All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
• ELIGIBILITY FOR PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES (PROs):
• Age \>= 8 years at the time of enrollment
• Ability to understand English or Spanish
• Cognitive ability to complete instruments according to the primary team
• ELIGIBILITY FOR AAML18P1 NEUROCOGNITIVE STUDY:
• Patient must be 5 years or older at the time of enrollment
• English-, French- or Spanish-speaking
• No known history of neurodevelopmental disorder prior to diagnosis of CML (e.g., Down syndrome, Fragile X, William syndrome, mental retardation)
• No significant visual or motor impairment that would prevent computer use or recognition of visual test stimuli