Efficacy and Safety of Sirolimus With or Without Cyclosporin A in Chinese Patients With Aplastic Anemia Refractory/Intolerant to Cyclosporin A

Trial details

Who runs it

Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Trial code

NCT06802055

Record updated

4 June 2025

Original description

This is a single center, randomized, open-label, phase II study to compare the efficacy of sirolimus combined with cyclosporin A (CsA) to sirolimus alone in Chinese subjects with aplastic anemia refractory/intolerant to CsA. The safety would also be evaluated. Patients would be randomized to receive sirolimus alone or sirolimus combined with CsA at a 1:3 ratio. Treatment with sirolimus will be started at 1-3 mg once daily orally, with a target trough blood concentration of 4-12 ng/ml. CsA will be given at 25-150 mg orally every 12 hours, with the dose adjusted based on renal function and trough concentration. For patients with normal renal function, the target trough concentration is approximately 150 ng/ml. For patients with impaired renal function, the cyclosporine A dose is reduced to 25-50 mg every 12 hours, aiming for recovery or stabilization of renal function. The hematological response rate and safety will be recorded and compared at 3 and 6 months after starting the study treatment (Week 13 and 25).Read full original descriptionShow less

This is a single center, randomized, open-label, phase II study to compare the efficacy of sirolimus combined with cyclosporin A (CsA) to sirolimus alone in Chinese subjects with aplastic anemia refractory/intolerant to CsA. The safety would also be evaluated. Patients would be randomized to receive sirolimus alone or sirolimus combined with CsA at a 1:3 ratio. Treatment with sirolimus will be started at 1-3 mg once daily orally, with a target trough blood concentration of 4-12 ng/ml. CsA will be given at 25-150 mg orally every 12 hours, with the dose adjusted based on renal function and trough concentration. For patients with normal renal function, the target trough concentration is approximately 150 ng/ml. For patients with impaired renal function, the cyclosporine A dose is reduced to 25-50 mg every 12 hours, aiming for recovery or stabilization of renal function. The hematological response rate and safety will be recorded and compared at 3 and 6 months after starting the study treatment (Week 13 and 25).

Inclusion: Age ≥ 18 years; Diagnosed with acquired aplastic anemia (AA), excluding congenital AA; At least one of the following criteria met at enrollment: hemoglobin < 100 g/L, platelets < 50 × 10⁹/L, or neutrophils < 1.0 × 10⁹/L; At enrollment, meeting at least one of the following conditions:; ① Cyclosporine A (CsA) ineffective: (CsA) used for at least 3 months without achieving partial response (PR), or disease relapse occurred; ② CsA intolerant: Unsuitable for standard dose CsA treatment due to adverse events or underlying conditions; No active infections; Not pregnant or breastfeeding; Willing to sign the consent form; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0-2.

Exclusion: Previous use of sirolimus or allergy to sirolimus; Any concurrent malignancy within the past 5 years, except for localized basal cell carcinoma of the skin; Pancytopenia caused by other reasons, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS); Evidence of clonal hematopoietic system bone marrow diseases (e.g., MDS or acute myeloid leukemia, AML); History of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) before enrollment; Uncontrolled infection or bleeding with standard treatment; Active infections with HIV, HCV, or HBV, liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension; History of thromboembolic events, myocardial infarction, or stroke (including antiphospholipid antibody syndrome), or current use of anticoagulants; Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clone ≥ 50%; Severe adverse events to CsA in the past, making it unsuitable for reuse; Pregnant or breastfeeding women; Participation in other clinical trials within the past 3 months.

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06802055