Ultrasound imaging to predict kidney function after surgery for kidney cancer

Who can take part

• Fully understood and voluntarily signed the informed Consent Form (ICF)
• Age: > 18 (at the time of signing the informed consent form); Gender is not limited
• Preoperative eGFR > 45ml/min/1.73m2 (corrected CKD-EPI formula)
• After the clinician formulates the treatment plan and communicates with the patient, they decide whether to perform radical nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy
• ECOG score: 0-2 points
• Be willing and able to abide by the visits, treatments, laboratory tests and other procedures of the research plan

Who cannot take part

• Preoperative reliance on renal replacement therapy (such as dialysis, etc.)
• The healthy kidney has undergone radiotherapy, ablation or other surgeries
• Accompanied by structural abnormalities of the urinary system or functional abnormalities that cannot be corrected in a short time (such as duplicate kidneys, polycystic kidneys, horseshoe kidneys, isolated kidneys, renal artery stenosis > 50%, urinary tract obstruction, and previous history of kidney surgery, etc.), long-term indwelling of urinary catheters, etc
• Previous (≤30 days before randomization) or concurrent participation in another clinical study
• Have a history of allergy to ultrasound contrast agents
• Have any contraindications for contrast-enhanced ultrasound, such as right-to-left shunt, severe pulmonary hypertension, etc
• There are other diseases that limit life expectancy to less than six months
• Patients with solitary kidney or severe contralateral renal insufficiency (eGFR < 15ml/min/1.73m2)
• Patients with hemodynamic instability, including those with persistent hypotension (blood pressure < 90/60 MMHG), uncontrollable heart failure, active bleeding (such as gastrointestinal and cerebral hemorrhage, etc.), or those with a bleeding tendency and hemoglobin < 60g/L and/or platelet count < 50×109/L
• Those who fail to complete the nephrectomy as planned during the operation
• Patients with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis or venous tumor thrombus