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Enrolling by invitationNo phase

Comparing Two Surgery Approaches After Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Compares more limited and conventional lung surgery after immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Key facts

Who runs it
Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Where
Beijing, ChinaSee the site
Trial code
Registry title
Comparison of the Effect of Surgical Resection Based on Lesion Extent Before and After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With Stage II-IIIB Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center, Real-World, Open-Label Study
Status
Enrolling by invitation
People taking part
354 people, planned
Started
1 Jan 2026
Expected to end
31 Dec 2030
Type of study
Observational, 2 groups
Record updated
24 July 2026

Who can take part

AI summary

From the trial's eligibility criteria. Machine-read from the registry text on this page, so it can be wrong. The registry text below and the trial team decide who can take part.

The trial is looking for adults with non-small cell lung cancer whose tumour shrank after immunotherapy given before surgery, so that a smaller operation became possible.

Age
18 years or older
Sex
All sexes can join
Disease stage
Non-small cell lung cancer (stage II-IIIB) confirmed by tissue examination. After treatment before surgery, the tumour became removable with a smaller operation instead of removing a whole lung or combined lobectomy.
Earlier treatment
Must have had immunotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, before surgery.

Main reasons for not taking part

  • Cancer got worse after the treatment before surgery
  • Still needed removal of a whole lung or combined lobectomy, with no smaller operation planned
  • Surgery could not remove all of the tumour (R0 resection not feasible)
  • Severe heart or lung problems, or other conditions that make surgery too risky

The registry criteria, word for word

Show all 10 criteriaShow less

Who can take part

  • Histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
  • Achieved resectability after neoadjuvant immunotherapy with or without chemotherapy
  • Initially required pneumonectomy or combined lobectomy based on tumor size and extent, but became suitable for minimally invasive resection after neoadjuvant treatment
  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • ECOG performance status score of 0-1
  • Complete imaging, pathological, and follow-up data available

Who cannot take part

  • Still required pneumonectomy or combined lobectomy after neoadjuvant therapy, with no reduction in the planned surgical extent
  • Intraoperative findings indicating that R0 resection was not feasible
  • Severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction or other complications that made the patient unable to tolerate surgery
  • Disease progression (PD) after neoadjuvant therapy

Where in China

  • Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, ChinaNo longer taking part

About the trial

What the trial wants to find out

This study intends to conduct a prospective, non-interventional study to compare the survival benefits of different surgical resection patterns for patients with non-small cell lung cancer who have achieved partial response (PR) after immunotherapy induction. The study plans to enroll patients suitable for surgery as assessed by radiomics evaluation and multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion, and will assign them to the modified surgery group and the conventional surgery group based on patient preference. The resection scope in the modified surgery group is more limited compared to conventional surgery, aiming to maximize preservation of pulmonary function while ensuring oncological safety. This study will systematically evaluate the impact of different resection scopes on patient prognosis after neoadjuvant immunotherapy, providing clinical evidence for exploring individualized surgical strategies for non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy.

The 2 groups in the trial

  • Conventional Surgery Group

    Perform a pneumonectomy or composite lobectomy within the originally planned scope

  • Modified/Reduced Surgery Group

    Under the premise of ensuring R0 resection, reduce the surgical scope, prefer composite lobectomy or lobectomy to maximize the preservation of pulmonary function.

Questions to ask the study team

  1. How often do I need to come in, and for how long each time?
  2. Are travel costs paid?
  3. Can I keep my own doctor?
  4. What happens if I want to stop?

Contact the study team: see the registry record → Contacts and Locations

Print a page for my doctor

Data and sources

Registry record
Listed on ClinicalTrials.gov.
Official title
Comparison of the Effect of Surgical Resection Based on Lesion Extent Before and After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With Stage II-IIIB Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center, Real-World, Open-Label Study
Plain-language title
Comparing Two Surgery Approaches After Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung CancerGenerated from the registry record. The registry title is the official one.
AI summary
From the trial's eligibility criteria. Read by machine on 12 November 2026.
Record updated
24 July 2026