Efficacy and Safety of Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIS) for Neuropathic Pain in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)

Prior treatment

• Subjects who have used investigational drugs for pain control within 30 days before enrollment.
• Subjects with a concurrent diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy.
• Subjects with concurrent active central nervous system diseases.
• Subjects with a history of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) allergy, latex allergy, or previous intolerance.

Other illness

• Subjects with cognitive or mental disorders.
• Subjects with severe diseases related to the heart, liver, kidneys, or hematopoietic system.
• Subjects with implanted devices in the body (such as cardiac pacemakers, nerve stimulators, etc.).
• Other medical conditions or situations that the researcher deems may affect the achievement of the study objectives.

Other

• Subjects participating in other clinical studies.
• Subjects who are pregnant, lactating, or planning to become pregnant during the study period.
• Subjects with contraindications to MRI examination.
• Subjects with head skin lesions.

• Patients diagnosed with NMOSD in accordance with the criteria of the International Panel for Neuromyelitis Optica Diagnosis (IPND).
• Patients were complicated with neuropathic pain, with a DN4 score ≥ 4.
• NRS score for pain ≥ 4 points, and neuropathic pain has persisted for more than 3 months.
• Patients receiving biological therapy and/or prednisone at a stable dose, with no adjustment of the treatment plan within 30 days before enrollment.
• Patients who have not adjusted any combination of standard analgesic drugs (including antiepileptic drugs, antidepressants, and opioid drugs) within 30 days before enrollment.
• Patients or their family members who have signed a written informed consent form.