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What science says

What does science say about Metformin and Type 2 diabetes?

  • We don’t say yes or no. We show what has been studied.
  • Working in a lab or in animals does not mean it works in people.
  • Don’t stop or change your treatment without talking to your doctor.

What has been studied

  1. Lab studies (cells)Tests on cells in a dish.Source: PubMed · as of 9 Nov 2026 · Open the search at PubMed212studies
  2. Animal studiesTests in mice, rats or other animals.Source: PubMed · as of 9 Nov 2026 · Open the search at PubMed949studies
  3. Studies in peoplePublished studies with human participants.Source: PubMed · as of 9 Nov 2026 · Open the search at PubMed4325studies
  4. Registered trials in peopleTrials entered in a public registry, whatever their result.ClinicalTrials.gov: 96 · as of 9 Nov 2026 · Open the search at ClinicalTrials.govEU CTIS: 9 · as of 9 Nov 2026 · Open the search at EU CTISBy phase:Phase 4 (33)No phase (31)Phase 3 (27)Phase 1 (7)Phase 2 (3)Phase 2/3 (2)Phase 1/2 (1)Early Phase 1 (1)By status:Completed (41)Recruiting (25)Running, not recruiting (16)Not yet recruiting (13)Withdrawn before start (5)By invitation only (2)Stopped early (2)Paused (1)Countries (50):China (21)United States (16)Poland (9)Spain (7)Hungary (7)South Korea (7)Pakistan (7)Mexico (6)Bulgaria (5)Germany (5)Egypt (5)Italy (5)Australia (4)Brazil (4)Canada (3)Czechia (3)France (3)Croatia (3)India (3)Iraq (3)Portugal (3)Denmark (2)Greece (2)Latvia (2)Malaysia (2)Nigeria (2)Romania (2)Russia (2)Sweden (2)United Arab Emirates (1)With a linked publication (results): 12 of 105The registries do not tell us here whether results were posted; a linked publication is shown instead.105trials
  5. Approved treatmentApproved by a medicines regulator for this disease.No

Source: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, EU CTIS · as of 9 Nov 2026

Examples of what we found

The trials

  78. Phase 3

    Research Study to Compare Semaglutide Tablets With Empagliflozin or Metformin Tablets in People With Type 2 Diabetes

    Withdrawn before start · Bulgaria, Brazil, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, India, Mexico, Malaysia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Thailand, United States

    ClinicalTrials.gov · NCT06083675

  95. Phase 3

    Investigational Study of Delayed Release Metformin

    Paused · Bulgaria, Brazil, Canada, Czechia, Spain, Hungary, Poland, United States

    ClinicalTrials.gov · NCT04854512

  100. Phase 3

    Ertugliflozin Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Pediatric Study (MK-8835/PF-04971729) (MK-8835-059)

    Completed · United Arab Emirates, Belgium, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, France, United Kingdom, Guatemala, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Mauritius, Mexico, Malaysia, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Ukraine, United States

    ClinicalTrials.gov · NCT04029480

Thinking of paying for it? Read this first

  • Ask for published results. Stories, thank-you letters and "patients report" are not results. Ask where the results were published.
  • Know what you pay for. Ask in writing: what exactly is included, who gets the money, and what happens if you stop.
  • Ask your own doctor first. Some products interfere with chemotherapy, radiation or other medicines. Your treating doctor can check this.
  • Do not stop standard treatment for it. Do not stop or delay your treatment without talking to your care team.

Before you pay for a treatment

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Not medical advice. Talk to the care team before changing treatment.

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