A clinical study to investigate if the investigational drug Diamyd is safe and can preserve insulin production and secretion in adolescents and adults that have recently been diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The safety of Diamyd will also be investigated. Some subjects may receive a placebo drug.

Korábbi kezelés

• Treatment with any oral or non-insulin injectable anti-diabetic medication or other substance used with the intention to preserve beta cell function (e.g., Verapamil, GABA etc.) within 3 months prior to Randomization.
• Patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism must be on stable treatment for at least 3 months prior to Randomization (with normal free thyroxine [T4] levels if hypothyroid)
• Occurrence of DKA or severe hypoglycemia requiring hospitalization in the period of 90 days prior to Randomization
• Treatment with any (live or inactive) vaccine, including influenza vaccine and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, within 4 weeks prior to planned first trial dose of trial drug; or planned treatment with any vaccine up to 4 weeks after the last injection with trial drug
• Treatment with marketed or over-the-counter Vitamin D at the time of Screening (V1C) and unwilling to abstain from such medication during the 120 days when the patient will be supplemented with the trial provided Vitamin D. A patient currently taking Vitamin D at the time of Screening (V1C) must be willing to switch to the trial-provided Vitamin D treatment and to administer it per the trial requirements
• Previous treatment with the active substance recombinant human GAD65 trial
• Participation in a clinical trial involving administration of an investigational drug in the past 3 months or 5 half- lives (whichever is longer) prior to first dosing of trial drug or during the trial.
• Recent (past 12 months) or current treatment with Teplizumab TZIELD® or immunosuppressant therapy, including chronic use of systemic glucocorticoid therapy. Inhaled, topical, and intranasal steroid use is acceptable. Short courses (e.g., ≤5 days) of oral, intra-articular injections or injections of steroids will be permitted during the trial
• Continuous/chronic treatment with prescribed or over-the-counter anti-inflammatory therapies. Short-term use (e.g., <7 days) is permissible, for example to treat a headache or in connection with a fever
• Known or suspected acute infection, including COVID-19 or influenza, at the time of Randomization or within 4 weeks prior to Randomization
• Known diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection. Patients with previous hepatitis C infection that is now cured may be eligible
• Any clinically significant concomitant medical condition, including but not limited to other autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hematological, immune, renal including a history of renal transplantation, neurological (including Batten disease), significant diabetes complication, any underlying conditions or receiving treatments that could affect red blood cell turnover or other diseases that in the opinion of the investigator would interfere with trial participation or procedures. Celiac disease or elevated transglutaminase antibody titers is not a reason for exclusion

Más betegség

• History of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
• Pancreatic surgery, chronic pancreatitis, or other pancreatic disorders that could result in decreased beta cell capacity
• Signs or symptoms suggesting very poorly controlled diabetes e.g.,ongoing weight loss, polyuria or polydipsia
• Any clinically significant history of an acute reaction to a vaccine or its constituents (e.g.,Alhydrogel)
• History of malignancy not in remission within the last 5 years other than adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or cervical carcinoma in situ
• Patients with any mental condition rendering him/her unable to understand the nature, scope and possible consequences of the trial, and/or evidence of poor compliance with medical instructions at Screening or showing non-compliance during the Run-In Period
• A history of alcohol or drug abuse or dependence within the past 12 months based on DSM IV criteria
• Any acute or chronic skin infection or condition that would preclude Intralymphatic injection
• A history of epilepsy, head trauma or cerebrovascular accident, or clinical features of continuous motor unit activity in proximal muscles

Laborértékek

• History of significant hepatic disease or Screening alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 3 x ULN and/or total bilirubin >2 x ULN. Patients with documented Gilbert syndrome and total bilirubin level ≥2 x ULN due to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, without other hepatic impairment, are permitted
• Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-Epi) for those >18 years old, and by the Schwartz equation for those 12 to 18 years old, <60 mL/min per 1.73 m or rapidly progressing renal disease
• Any clinically significant abnormal findings during Screening, and any other medical condition(s) or laboratory findings that, in the opinion of the investigator, might jeopardize the patient’s safety or ability to complete the trial.
• Hematologic condition that would make HbA1c uninterpretable including: a) Hemoglobinopathy, with the exception of sickle cell trait or thalassemia minor; or chronic or recurrent hemolysis. b) Donation of blood or blood products to a blood bank, blood transfusion or participation in a clinical trial requiring withdrawal of >400 mL of blood during the 8 weeks prior to the Screening (V1B) visit. c) Significant iron deficiency anemia. d) Heart malformations or vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) leading to increased turnover of erythrocytes

Egyéb

• Participation in any other trial aimed to influence beta cell function from time of diagnosis of T1D
• Females who are breastfeeding, pregnant or plan to become pregnant during the trial
• Patients who in the opinion of the investigator will not be able to follow instructions and/or follow the trial procedures or patients that are unwilling or unable to comply with the provisions of this protocol
• An employee or immediate family member of an employee of Diamyd Medical AB

• Must be capable of providing written, signed, and dated informed consent; and for patients who are minors, age-appropriate assent (performed according to local regulations) and parent/caregiver consent
• Be on a stable insulin basal dose for one month prior to inclusion with limited fluctuation of daily basal insulin requirement based on investigator's assessment. For example, if the average basal insulin dose/kg/24h over a 7-day period compared to the previous 7day period does not vary more than approximately 20% and/or if the daily basal insulin dose does not vary more than 0.1 U/kg/24h, the dose can be considered stable. Individuals that are diagnosed with T1D according to the ADA classification but are not taking insulin are eligible to participate.
  • 9(i). Females of childbearing potential (FOCBP) must agree to avoid pregnancy and have a negative pregnancy test performed at the required trial visits. FOCBP must agree to use highly effective contraception, during treatment and, until 90 days after the last administration of trial medication. Birth control methods, which may be considered as highly effective (e.g., a failure rate of less than 1% per year when used consistently and correctly) include: • Combined (estrogen and progestogen containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation: o Oral. o Intravaginal. o Transdermal. • Progestogen-only hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation: o Oral. o Injectable. o Implantable. • Intrauterine device. • Intrauterine hormone-releasing system. • Bilateral tubal occlusion. • Vasectomized partner (vasectomized partner is a highly effective birth control method provided that partner is the sole sexual partner of the FOCBP trial patient and that the vasectomized partner has received medical assessment of the surgical success). • Sexual abstinence (sexual abstinence is considered a highly effective method only if defined as refraining from heterosexual intercourse during the entire period of risk associated with the study drugs. The reliability of sexual abstinence needs to be evaluated in relation to the duration of the clinical trial and the preferred and usual lifestyle of the patient).
  • 9(ii). Male patients must agree to remain abstinent from heterosexual sex during treatment and for 90 days after treatment or, if sexually active, to use two effective methods of birth control (e.g., male uses a condom and female uses contraception) during and for 90 days after treatment. Acceptable male contraception is as follows: • Condom (male). • Abstinence from heterosexual intercourse. • Vasectomy. The agreement to remain abstinent or use two effective methods of birth control will be clearly defined in the informed consent; the patient or legally authorized representatives (e.g., parents, caregivers, or legal guardians) must sign this specific section.
• Males and females aged ≥12 and <29 years old at the time of Screening(V1A) . Note: In Germany only male and female adults (18 to <29 years of age) will be enrolled
• Diagnosed with T1D (according to the American Diabetes Association [ADA] classification) ≤6 months at the time of Screening (V1A).
• Possess the HLA DR3-DQ2 haplotype (all patients will be tested; prior genetic testing results will not be accepted).
• Fasting C-peptide ≥0.12 nmol/L (≥0.36 ng/mL) on at least one occasion prior to randomization
• Possess detectable circulating GAD65 antibodies (lowest level of detection defined by the method used by the central laboratory)
• Possess HbA1c levels between 35 to 80 mmol/mol (5.4 to 9.5%) on at least one occasion prior to randomization