BeAT1D: Benign Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes

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• For all participants: ongoing pregnancy; known HIV/HCV infection; absence of social security coverage; placement under judicial protection; absence of signature of the informed study consent.

• Type 1 diabetes: type 1 diabetes, as defined by hyperglycemia and long-term insulin therapy started within 6 months from clinical onset; and/or the presence of at least one anti-islet auto-antibody.
• Other forms of diabetes or autoimmune endocrinopathy: other forms of diabetes (e.g. type 2, ketosis-prone, familial, secondary, immunotherapy-induced diabetes); and/or other autoimmune endocrinopathies, isolated or multiple.
• No diabetes: absence of diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance; absence of tumor, infectious or immune pathologies, or other conditions related to autoimmune or metabolic alterations that may bias the variables under study.
• Lymphadenectomy planned in the frame of an abdominal surgery: pancreatic lymphadenectomy planned at the occasion of an abdominal surgery for the treatment of an underlying condition.