Metformin Treatment on Cognitive Impairment of Schizophrenia

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• Having a history of substance dependence or abuse or whose symptoms are caused by other diagnosable mental disorders.
• Having a history of traumatic brain injury, seizures or other known neurological or organic diseases of the central nervous system.
• Taking dementia related drugs, minocycline, and other drugs that could affect cognitive function.
• The routine blood tests showing significant abnormal renal, liver function or other somatic disease.
• Pregnant or lactating women.
  • For schizophrenic participants who don't meet any of the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome will only accept baseline evaluations.

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• Taking antidepressants, stimulants, mood stabilizers or accepts electricity shock treatment.
• Having current suicidal or homicidal thoughts or any safety concern by research staff that cannot be managed in an inpatient setting.

• Male and female aged 18 to 50 years, who meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia.
• Duration of illness less than 15 years with current symptoms in a stable condition.
• Participants must be receiving stable treatment with standard-of-care medications, with a maximum allowance of two antipsychotic medications. If additional anticholinergic agents are required for the management of extrapyramidal symptoms, they should be prescribed at low dosages.
• Have great compliance with medication and follow-up.
• Meet one of the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome: 1)abdominal obesity (i.e. central obesity): waist circumference for male≥90 cm, for female ≥85 cm; 2)fasting blood glucose ≥110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol/l) and/or plasma glucose ≥140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/l) after glucose load; 3)at fasting state, triglyceride ≥1.7 mmol/l; 4)at fasting state, HDL-C <1.04 mmol/L.
• Signed the study consent for participation.