Psychological Distress in Patients With COPD

Korábbi kezelés

• Problematic substance abuse: current problematic alcohol or illicit drug use (including opioids).

Más betegség

• Other major respiratory illnesses: diagnosis of severe asthma, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, or other significant respiratory diseases that could present with distinct psychological profiles.
• Unstable comorbid conditions: the presence of severe, uncontrolled medical conditions that could significantly affect cognitive function, well-being, or the ability to participate (e.g., unstable heart failure, end-stage renal disease, rapidly progressing malignancy).
• Severe mental disorders: current or recent diagnosis of a major psychiatric disorder that could significantly interfere with the interpretation of psychological measures or the ability to provide reliable responses (e.g., active schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, a major depressive episode).

Egyéb

• Acute COPD exacerbation: experiencing an acute exacerbation of COPD symptoms within the past four weeks.
• Inability to provide informed consent: individuals lacking the cognitive capacity to understand the study and provide consent.
• Limited language proficiency: insufficient understanding of the language in which the study materials, including questionnaires, are administered.

• Diagnosis of COPD established by a qualified healthcare professional (e.g., pulmonologist, general practitioner) based on:
• Post-bronchodilator spirometry demonstrating airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 0.70) following GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) guidelines.
• Age: 40 years or older.
• Adequate visual and/or auditory abilities to read and understand study materials and questionnaires or receive instructions verbally if needed.