Phosphate Assessment in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Study

Korábbi kezelés

• Current dialysis or kidney transplant patient
• Current use of insulin or chemotherapy drugs
• Uses nicotine products or other recreational drugs
• Current use of certain medications that directly alter phosphate levels (i.e., phosphate binders; phosphate supplements, irregular use of iron)
• Received a blood transfusion in the last four months

Más betegség

• Medical history of stroke or myocardial infarction (MI)
• Medical history of conditions that can affect phosphate metabolism (i.e., uncontrolled thyroid disorder, parathyroid disorder, or gastrointestinal malabsorption disorders [Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, and celiac disease], cirrhosis)
• Extreme hypertension as demonstrated by a blood pressure > 180/120 as the average of 3 blood pressures taken during the screening/baseline, or extremely low blood pressure < 80/50
• Food allergies including but not limited to milk, egg, soy, nuts, shellfish, and wheat or gluten

Laborértékek

• Hypo- or hyperphosphatemia (serum phosphate < 2.5 or > 4.6 mg/dl)
• Hypo- or hypercalcemia (serum calcium < 8.4 or > 10.7 mg/dl)
• Severe anemia (hemoglobin < 8 g/dl for women and < 9 g/dl for men)
• Severe hyperglycemia (serum blood glucose > 300 mg/dl)
• On low potassium diet
• Allergic to sodium phosphate

Egyéb

• Pregnant, currently breastfeeding, or <3 months postpartum
• Smokes cigarettes or uses e-cigarettes (vapes)
• Regular use of laxatives
• Body weight less than <110 lbs (due to risk for phlebotomy-induced anemia)
• Unwilling or unable to eat study meals
• Lack of access to a functional refrigerator or freezer
• Lack of access to a microwave or conventional oven
• On low phosphate diet
• Specific dietary restrictions (i.e. vegetarian, vegan, ketogenic, etc.)
• Unable or unwilling to complete urinary sample collection or food diaries
• Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent
• Unable to read or speak English
• Participant in other conflict clinical trial
• Unable to complete the study measurements
• Unsafe to participate in this study per investigator's judgement

• Men or women aged 18 years or older, of any race/ethnicity
• Women must either be post-menopausal or have no monthly menstrual cycle
• Estimated total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) of 1700 - 2700 calories
• eGFR >15 ml/min/1.73m2 - < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 for the CKD group (CKD Stage 3 or Stage 4)
• eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 and negative urine protein on dipstick test for the non-CKD group
• English speaking