The Effects of an Online Family Psychoeducation Program on Expressed Emotion of Family Members and Medication Adherence of Patients With First-Episode Schizophrenia

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• acute exacerbation of psychotic symptoms requiring hospitalization during the study period
• missing one or more scheduled intervention sessions
• inability of the researcher to contact the family caregiver within one week despite repeated attempts.

• a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision ICD-10 (F20.00 to F20.09), with a duration of illness not exceeding five years from the date of initial diagnosis
• received oral antipsychotic treatment for at least 6 months but no longer than five years
• aged between 18 to 35 years.
• mild psychotic symptoms severity, defined as a total score of 18 to 36 on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)
• documented history of medication non-adherence, as recorded in medical records
• availability of a primary caregiver and
• ability to communicate in Thai and via telephone using the LINE application
• being a family member living in the same household as the patients and serving as the primary caregiver for at least six months without financial compensation
• Aged 20 to 60 years
• ownership of a mobile phone capable of using the LINE application
• no prior participation in family psychoeducation programs
• ability to speak, read, and write Thai
• no history of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder.