Effectiveness of Health Communication on Depression Elderly in Ho Chi Minh City

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• Individuals with severe cognitive impairment or lack of mental capacity to complete the questionnaire.
• Individuals with acute medical conditions in severe/critical stages, those diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders, or those uncooperative during the study process.
• Refusal to participate or lacking capacity to complete the interview due to severe cognitive impairment, dementia, or severe psychiatric disorders.

Egyéb

• Temporary residents or individuals absent from the study area during the study period.
• Currently suffering from severe physical or mental health deterioration (e.g., undergoing emergency medical treatment, severe fever) that significantly impairs their ability to respond to the interview.

• Aged 60 years or older.
• Currently residing in Ho Chi Minh City, with continuous residence in the locality for at least 6 months.
• Willing and agreeing to participate in the study (informed consent provided).
• Role: Serving as the primary person responsible for and/or providing the most support to the older adult in activities of daily living (ADLs) (e.g., eating, personal hygiene, mobility) and/or providing emotional support and healthcare management (e.g., medication adherence, accompanying to medical appointments).
• Duration: Having performed this caregiving role for at least 6 consecutive months (to ensure adequate observation time and caregiving burden experience).
• Frequency: Living in the same household with the older adult, or, if residing separately, having direct contact and providing care on most days of the week.
• Aged 18 years or older, with full legal capacity, and capable of hearing, understanding, and self-completing the survey questionnaire.
• Identified as the primary caregiver of an older adult who has already met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study.
• Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study after receiving a detailed explanation of the study objectives and signing the Informed Consent Form (ICF).
• Note: In cases where no family caregiver is identified during the survey phase, professional/paid caregivers (e.g., formal nurses or hired aides employed specifically for caregiving tasks without family ties to the older adult) will be considered.