China HEalthy Aging and Dementia Study (HEAD)

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• Self-reported stroke events (e.g., cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction) within the past six months.
• Self-reported diseases potentially impairing cognition, including congenital intellectual disability, intracranial tumors, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, or severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia requiring medication.
• Self-reported major organ failure (e.g., liver or kidney failure), malignancy, or other conditions associated with a shortened life expectancy that prevent completion of follow-up assessments.
  • Additional exclusion criteria for participants undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI):
• Inability to tolerate MRI examinations or contraindications to MRI, including claustrophobia; MRI-incompatible implanted pacemakers, aneurysm clips, artificial heart valves, cochlear implants, or other metallic implants; or other clinical conditions or examination findings that investigators consider potentially harmful during MRI.

Egyéb

• The following exclusion criteria apply to participants in the HEAD study:
• Refusal to provide written informed consent.
• Refusal to participate in questionnaires or other data collection procedures.
• Refusal to provide blood or other biological samples.

• China HEAD Community Cohort:
• Resident in a Chinese community.
• Aged 50-79 years.
• Have adequate vision and hearing (with glasses or hearing aids if necessary), and be able to walk, communicate, and complete study-related assessments (including questionnaires, physical examinations, neuropsychological assessments, and biospecimen collection) independently or with assistance.
• Willing to provide written informed consent for baseline assessments, follow-up, biospecimen donation, and data collection.
  • China HEAD Familial Sub-cohort:
• Resident in a Chinese community.
• Aged 18 years or older.
• Have a family history of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involving at least two first-degree relatives across at least two consecutive generations, with AD diagnoses previously established at tertiary hospitals and verified through medical history.
• Meet the 2011 National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) diagnostic criteria for AD.
• Have adequate vision and hearing (with glasses or hearing aids if necessary), and be able to walk, communicate, and complete study-related assessments (including questionnaires, physical examinations, neuropsychological assessments, and biospecimen collection) independently or with assistance.
• Willing to provide written informed consent for baseline assessments, follow-up, biospecimen donation, and data collection.