Adds 177Lu-PSMA-617 to standard treatment for prostate cancer with poor PSA response

Who can take part

• All of the following criteria must be met ahead of randomization to satisfy trial eligibility requirements:
• Signed a written informed consent form prior to any trial specific procedures; Note: In case of physical incapacitation, a trusted representative of their choice, which is not the Investigator or sponsor, can sign on the behalf of the patients
• Aged ≥18 years old
• Life expectancy > 6 months as per investigator estimate
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2
• Men with histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate
• De novo metastatic disease defined by clinical or radiographic evidence of metastases at diagnosis (i.e. before any treatment started). If not available, a more recent imaging can be used
• Measurable disease or bone lesions evaluable according to PCWG3 criteria. Patients with doubtful bone metastases are not eligible
• A pre-randomization 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan performed within 4 weeks prior to randomization in the trial; FDG PET scan is not required for this protocol. All patients will be treated independently from the results of pre-randomization PSMA PET scan: patients with PSMA-positive or PSMA-negative disease according to PROMISE 2.0 criteria are eligible
• Have 6 to 8 months of previous AND ongoing standard systemic treatment for prostate cancer consisting in either:; ADT with an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) (i.e., abiraterone (plus prednisone), or apalutamide or enzalutamide) ± radiotherapy **; ADT with docetaxel* plus an ARSI (i.e. abiraterone (plus prednisone), or darolutamide,) ± radiotherapy**; Note:; *Docetaxel must have been stopped at least 4 weeks ahead of randomization; ** Previous radiotherapy to the primary tumor and/or to the metastases is accepted as long as it was not PSMA-based and must has been completed at least 4 weeks ahead of randomization
• Stable or declining PSA level but not a rising one
• Serum PSA of ≥ 0.2 ng/mL at 6 to 8 months after systemic treatment initiation
• Testosterone level < 50 ng/dl or < 1.7 nmol/L
• Be fit enough for 177Lu-vipivotide tetraxetan treatment:; Adequate bone marrow function: hemoglobin ≥90 g/L (in absence of red blood cell transfusion within 4 weeks prior to randomization), absolute neutrophil count ≥1.5 x10⁹/L, platelet count >100 x10⁹/L; Adequate liver function: aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤2.0 x upper limit of normal (ULN), or ≤ 5.0 x ULN in the presence of liver metastases; bilirubin <1.5 x ULN (unless known or suspected Gilbert syndrome, then <3 x ULN is permitted); Adequate renal function: calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 50 ml/min (using the MDRD or CKD EPI method)
• For sexually active men with female partners of reproductive potential or with pregnant women, agreement to use a condom with another effective contraceptive method during trial participation and up to 14 weeks after study treatment completion
• Affiliated to the social security system or in possession of equivalent private health insurance (according to local regulations for participation in clinical trials)
• Willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the trial including undergoing treatment and scheduled visits, and examinations including follow-up

Who cannot take part

• Prior or concurrent PSMA-based radioligand therapy or other PSMA target treatments
• Any of the following within 6 months before randomization: stroke, myocardial infraction, severe/unstable angina pectoris, coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft, congestive heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV
• Severe or uncontrolled concurrent disease, infection or co-morbidity
• Ongoing participation in another clinical trial involving an investigational product.. Treatment with an investigational product must have ended within 28 days prior to the day of randomization
• Any evidence of cancer progression (including a rising PSA level, clinical progression, or radiological progression)
• Known hypersensitivity to the components of the study therapy or its analogs
• Any condition preventing the use of the standard of care and/or specific experimental treatments tested in the trial
• Hypertension not controlled by an anti-hypertensive treatment (systolic blood pressure [sBP] ≥ 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure [dBP] ≥ 95 mmHg, 3 consecutive measures taken 5 minutes apart)
• History of malignancy within 3 years of the current diagnosis with the exception of successfully treated basal cell or squamous cell skin carcinoma
• Patients presenting with any of the following criteria are not eligible:
• Pathological findings consistent with small cell carcinoma of the prostate
• Patients unwilling or unable to comply with the medical follow-up required by the trial because of geographic, familial, social, or psychological reasons
• Persons deprived of their liberty or under protective custody or guardianship